ABSTRACT
Although prostate cancer can metastasize to any part of the body, isolated testicular metastasis is very rare and only few cases have been reported so far. Here we present a case of 65-year-old male patient, known case of prostate adenocarcinoma, referred for 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT scan, post radiotherapy, and androgen deprivation therapy, for rising serum PSA levels. He was found to have an isolated testicular metastasis on the scan. This report highlights the importance of 68Ga-PSMA PET-CT scan in detecting these unusual and rare sites of metastasis from prostate cancer.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine the role of humoral immune response and bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of symptomatic and asymptomatic urinary tract infection in women. METHODS: The study population consisted of 30 women with symptomatic UTI, 30 women with asymptomatic UTI and 30 healthy women as controls. Bacterial adherence to vaginal epithelial cells was studied and the concentration of serum and urine antibodies to mixed coliform antigen and clinical isolate was determined by ELISA. Surface hydrophobicity of the urine isolates was determined. Student's unpaired t test and Pearson's correlation coefficient test were used in the statistical analysis. RESULTS: Compared to asymptomatic UTI, significantly more number of bacteria adhered to the epithelial cells of women with symptomatic UTI (P< 0.001). All cases of UTI had significantly high concentration of urinary IgG antibody to mixed coliform antigens. Asymptomatic UTI cases had higher concentrations of urinary IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies to clinical isolate. Concentration of sIgA level was more in symptomatic UTI. Significant correlation was observed between urinary IgG and adherence of clinical isolate in case of asymptomatic UTI. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that greater receptivity of epithelial cells to bacteria may increase the susceptibility to UTI. Humoral immune response and local immunity may modify the pathogenesis of UTI.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Antigens, Bacterial/immunology , Bacterial Adhesion , Enterobacteriaceae/immunology , Epithelial Cells/microbiology , Escherichia coli/immunology , Escherichia coli Infections/immunology , Female , Humans , Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions , Surface Properties , Urinary Tract Infections/immunology , Vagina/cytologyABSTRACT
The objective of this case report is to present the anesthetic concerns as well as the primary and alternate management strategies in a patient with cervical spine injury.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Wounds and Injuries , Cervical Vertebrae , Anesthesia , PainABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Prevention of the occurrence of central sensitization has been one of the reasons for the use of preemptive medications like ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist. This study was conducted to test the efficacy of low dose ketamine infusion in decreasing opioid requirements postoperatively METHODS: Thirty patients scheduled for mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty were randomly allocated to 2 groups: Group I- continuous infusion of ketamine (10 ug/kg/min) and Group II- control group. The time from end of procedure to the first request for analgesia, VAPS, MAP and HR were recorded RESULTS: The duration of analgesia was statistically significant in the ketamine group. VAPS, was likewise lower in the ketamine group. CONCLUSION: Ketamine, as an NMDA antagonist provides an alternative to decreased postoperative opioid requirement by attenuating the establishment of control sensitization. (Author)